In the article the reasons of occurrence of uneven wear of brake pads are considered. The main types of the indicated malfunction are given. Recommendations for elimination in road conditions are given.
Keywords: car, brake system, brake shoe, wear pads, malfunction
The article is devoted to the problem of using artificial neural networks as one of the methods of data mining (intellectual data analysis) for classifying the competencies of university students when determining the educational specialization. It describes the complexity of the process of selecting specialization and the associated negative consequences, as well as an approach to solving the given problem using software classification tools. As a basis for the implementation of the proposed tools, the student's information system is used on the website of the University of Tartus, Syria. The article presents data selection criteria to form the training sample, which includes the academic performance in some courses as input vectors. The values of the output vector depend on completed specialization and it get into the training set only if it is properly selected. On the basis of these data, the structure of a multilayer artificial neural network is formed and the learning algorithm is selected, the results of which are reflected on the university's website in the form of advice on the choice of future specialization, which has allowed increase the effectiveness of the educational process.
Keywords: Data mining, artificial neural network, web-design, machine learning, classification
The authors carried out in-situ studies of the distribution of the breakdown voltage values of the F8CV engine of the Daewoo Matiz engine with the engine warmed up and idling at the minimum crankshaft speed. A histogram of the distribution of the values of the breakdown voltage in the interelectrode gap of the spark plug is obtained for these operating modes of the internal combustion engine. It was revealed that 50-63% of all values of the breakdown voltage fall within the range 10.0-10.9 kV. When the engine warms up, 36% of all breakdown voltage values are 10 kV. The remaining 8 and 9 kV account for 50% of the values. The maximum variance of the cyclic values of the breakdown voltage is 20-40% with an average breakdown voltage of 10 kV.
Keywords: ignition system, spark discharge, internal combustion engine, spark plugs, breakdown voltage, microprocessor, capacitive voltage divider, histogram
The article considers theoretical bases of technological process for modified wood production for sleepers manufacture. Currently, sleepers are made mainly of natural softwoods, the stock of which is severely limited. In addition, sleepers made of natural wood have short wear-life. In this connection, there is a need to create a new high-tech resource-saving production of railway sleepers from modified wood by impregnating it with antiseptic and stabilizer compounds and carrying out thermal and mechanical modification of wood. For this purpose, a systematic analysis of physical phenomena underlying the technological operations has been performed and on the basis of which the curves for workpiece heating along cross-section in an oily liquid based on similarity criteria has been theoretically calculated, and on the basis of the physical phenomena of heat and mass transfer the duration of workpieces drying has been calculated. Methods of impregnation, loading and depressurization during pressing have been got. Based on system analysis of physical phenomena and performed calculations, structure and regimes of technological process for modified wood manufacturing have been developed.
Keywords: modified wood, drying, impregnation, pressing, antiseptic, moisture, stabilizer, physical and mechanical properties, sleepers, wood modification technology
In this paper was discuss, for the first time in detail, many ways of forming a new generation of tournament selection using a modified Goldberg model with the most common crossover and the original mutation. A computational experiment was carried out, which revealed the dominant advantage of using the "left individual and mutation" strategy for solving the heterogeneous minimax problem. It has been experimentally established that an increase in the number of individuals and repetitions leads to an increase in the time to obtain a solution to the inhomogeneous minimax problem when using any strategy, but at the same time to improve the accuracy of the solution.
Keywords: single-point crossover, genetic algorithm, modified Goldberg model, mutation, minimax problem, scheduling theory, elite individual, individual, generation
The studies are devoted to a comparative assessment of the operational characteristics of individual trees in the regions of the Northern economic area of the Russian Federation (NEA). On the basis of the estimation, the weighted average structure of the stand is obtained in terms of thickness for NEA. This made it possible to draw a conclusion about the possibility of creating a forest machine with parameters that allow it to be used effectively in all regions of the NEA.
Keywords: forest resources, structure of the tree stand in thickness, Northern economic region
The article deals with the stages of the technology of designing information systems of space-time recovery (reconstruction) of dynamic images in robotic systems of image processing and analysis. The notation analysis of the problem of dynamic image recovery, which includes global and local characteristics of two-dimensional signals, is carried out.
Keywords: Manufacturing operation, notation, local features, texture, global and local descriptors of the image texturegeometry model image
The article deals with IT service management optimization in a bank, based on IT4IT architecture referent model, offered by the Open Group Community. The main idea of the standard is IT performance modeling through IT value streams, which are represented in their turn with capabilities. After modeling the necessary models in according with the IT4IT standard, it significantly lets optimize IT activity in the bank. As a result, a bank target enterprise architecture has been modelled, which shows completely new details as well as changed ones in according with the IT4IT reference architecture. These changes has been made according to reference architecture models, such as value stream model, functional model, data model, role model.
Keywords: IT4IT, IT value streams, referent architecture, IT services, credit organization, IT-capability, IT infrastructure
A business simulation of a social project-a portal for the management of the" South-Western deanery " of Rostov-on-don. The first stage of the Life cycle – analysis of the subject area using CASE technologies is considered. UML language and Rational Rose design platform are used.
Keywords: pilgrimage trips, virtual tour, information system design, object-oriented approach, Rational Rose, UML, business use case diagram, Use case diagram, activity diagram
This article considers the issue of the efficiency of roundwood production, which depends on the formation of high-performance forest machine complexes. The authors substantiate the problem of searching for optimal logging complexes for specific natural and climatic conditions. In this paper, the authors analyze the definition of a technological parameter, its essence and types. Also, the article describes the technological process of a feller buncher. The results of the analysis of technological parameters of feller buncher under different natural conditions are presented. Dependences of the productivity of a feller-buncher machine on various natural and climatic factors have been revealed. The authors proposed the information-logic and mathematical models of the work of a feller-buncher machine. A detailed analysis of the components of the technological process of a feller buncher is carried out. Further, a formula is proposed for calculating the productivity of a feller buncher. The results of the work are presented in the form of dependency graphs. The graph of the dependence of the time of movement of the machine to the group of trees subject to cutting, from the relief of the terrain and the graph of the dependence of the time of capture and cutting of the tree on the diameter of the tree in the place of the cut are given.
Keywords: feller buncher, technological parameters, technological process, productivity, logging process, process modeling
The process of creating an automated information system for organizations working in the road sector using CASE technologies is described. The first stage of the Life cycle – analysis of the subject area in the aspect of modeling business processes associated with the acquisition, maintenance, movement and verification of devices and equipment is showh. Charts are presented: business use cases, use cases and UML activities.
Keywords: instrumentation, equipment, measurement, testing, metrological verification, object-oriented approach, activity diagrams, use case diagram, Microsoft Visual Studio 2012
This scientific research presents the results of a survey among a population of 18 to 64 years old, of which 18 men and 32 women. A total of 50 people were interviewed. The subject of the study is family violence, the subject is the aggressive behavior of respondents in the family. Objective: to analyze the aggressive behavior of respondents in the context of the problem of family violence through a sociological survey and data processing in the PSPP program. With the help of the semantic differential, we learned the level of emotional attitude to the friendly families without conflicts, to families with conflicts and to their real family. Respondents on the proposed grounds assessed their emotional attitude to different types of families. A semantic portrait was made and primary distances were found. Mostly, 68% of respondents believe that there is a problem of violence in families, 12% do not think that there is a problem, 10% do not know, 6% and 4% do not know and do not think about it. The majority of respondents - this is 76%, quarrels in the family are rare, 10% - often, 2% - very often and 12% never.
Keywords: subjective perception, emotional states, questioning, distribution functions, comparative analysis, semantic differential, conjugacy tables
The problems of formation of object models of urban transport systems to adequately reflect the essential object-relationships to achieve management goals. Technical and technological aspect submission sites solve the problems of reliability and sustainability of the transport system, the economic - solves problems of reducing losses in the organization of transport and passenger flows, socio-economic - reducing the environmental impact on the environment, road safety. Held presentation variant analysis object models with different target installation in optimal control problems.
Keywords: The object model, the transport system of the city, optimal control, traffic safety, traffic management
The article deals with the approach to synchronization of different models of atomic architecture segments, based ontology. Development of ontology create a single conceptual system and conduct a computer analysis of the current enterprise architecture state with Protégé. Thus, it is possible to obtain relevant knowledge about the enterprise for developing the best solution for the nuclear industry enterprise. The following methods are used in the work: methods of business analysis, Architecture Method Development and ontology.
Keywords: Enterprise architecture (EA), the current state of the enterprise architecture, the target state of the enterprise architecture, artificial intelligence, machine learning, machine analysis, ontology, meta- ontology, ontological model, ontological
The article considers the actual problem of analysis of the effectiveness of the driver’s control activity (DCA) and the development of methods for the assessment of their professional competences (PC), using as inputs the data from on-board recorders of parameters of movement and specialized train the ACS as an alternative to currently used tools such as skills tests, technology assessment, test "Business profile of the Railways", the questionnaire method 90 degrees. The proposed method of calculation of integral assessment of PC based of analysis of the effectiveness of DCA using methods of artificial intelligence, particularly fuzzy logic as a technology of knowledge processing to build a fuzzy logic system based on the fuzzy production rules, which allows to formalize criteria for the evaluation of DCA (compliance with schedule, energy efficiency, compliance and safety rules) using the linguistic variables and calculate the integral assessment of the quality of DCA using the procedure for fuzzy inference. This will improve the accuracy and reliability of estimates of professional competences in relation to the technological process of train operation, identify the most effective techniques and skills of train driving, including manual and automated modes, interaction of the driver with the system of auto-driving, etc., improve the software and algorithmic support of auto-driving systems and autopilot in the framework of the project "Digital Railway".
Keywords: locomotive crew, machinist, locomotive, registrar of traffic parameters, competence approach, assessment of professional competencies, artificial intelligence, fuzzy logic
The need for efficient production organization in modern economic conditions forces machine-building enterprises to introduce and maintain the functioning of various production systems based on lean manufacturing principles. One of the prerequisites for the qualitative training of graduates for such enterprises is the formation of their competence in the field of lean production. The system approach to the formation of these competences is considered. The basis is based on modern educational technologies that ensure the activation of educational and cognitive activities of students and the effectiveness of the educational process in general.
Keywords: lean manufacturing, interactive training technology, a systematic approach to learning, form and method of teaching, competence, machine-building production, technological process, practice-oriented training, production system, training effectiveness
The system analysis of the main directions of the fourth scientific and technological revolution, called "Industry 4.0" in the field of road transport, is conducted in the article. The essence of the industry 4.0 is the development of the digital economy using cyberphysical systems, the Internet of things and large data. Applicable to road transport can be identified three areas: the creation of an unmanned vehicle, the development of technological support for the movement of trucks in the convoy, the development and implementation of "automobile Internet". At the same time, there are a number of technological, legal and ethical problems that hamper the large-scale development of a new generation of transport.
Keywords: Industry 4.0, unmanned vehicle, Internet of Things, Cyberphysical systems, autonomous transport, cloud technologies
The algorithm of forming of kinematic surfaces with a constant cross-sectional area based on a complex equiaffine transformation of the plane (elliptic rotation) is considered. Functional dependences of elliptic rotation parameters for the formation of a one-parameter family of equiaffine lines on a plane are determined. At the same time the received families of lines can not include the line prototype and the line image at the set constant parameters of rotation. Conditions of receiving the line prototype and the line image at the set parameter of family and the parametrical equations of shift of the geometrical center of a curve are defined. The conditions for the formation of central surfaces are determined. It is established that the surfaces obtained can be periodic. The domains of admissible values of the parameters and functions included in the parametric equations of one-parameter families of curves are determined. It is shown that as a closed loop one can use not only an analytically determined curve, but also a polyline (for example, a polygon). Examples of kinematic surfaces are given.
Keywords: kinematic surface, equiaffine transformations, algorithm, elliptic rotation, affine-like curves, parametric equations, line-image, prototype line
The work is devoted to one of the indicators of hidden family aggression – emotional components of family attitudes. The research is based on the pilot measurements carried out by the survey using the method of semantic differential. A total of 50 people were interviewed, including 18 men and 32 women, aged 18 to 64 years. The option with calibration was used, and respondents were asked to characterize on a semantic scale the real families and both ideal positive and negative ones. Images of ideal constructs defined in semantic space the scale and direction. In accordance with Coombs's "ideal point" approach, the level of emotional perception was estimated by us from the relative distances from the image of the real object to the images of ideal constructs. Analysis was performed for each respondent separately, and based on the results the distribution functions of emotional perception by respondents were built. They reflected the internal structure of the group for affective components. The calculations were performed in the linear approximation (for half-difference of the above-mentioned relative distances) and within the framework of the non-linear psychosemantic phenomenological model. In the last the levels of perception are given in the form of differential equations, which were solved by the Monte Carlo method with by AnyLogic multi-agent simulation package. The obtained results confirm the earlier estimates based on the averaged data. The average value of the level of emotional perception throughout the study audience is positive (0.33 on a scale from -1 to +1), which indicates the absence of aggressive behavior for the majority of respondents. A strongly negative level (from -0.5 to -1) showed only 6%, against this background, they can develop aggressive behavior. Another 6% are characterized by a slight emotional irritation in the family sphere (the level from -0.1 to -0.3), this is an intermediate group which under adverse conditions can develop into a risk group. For the rest of the study audience (88%) emotional relationships in the family are not aggressive, positive.
Keywords: semantic differential, subjective perception, latent variables, psychosemantic phenomenological model, emotional perception, multi-agent modeling, distribution function
Agriculture plays a significant role in ensuring food security of countries, and improving the efficiency of the agricultural industry is an important aspect in the world with a growing population. Collecting and analyzing big data in agriculture can help a farmer make more accurate decisions, save resources and increase yields. This article discusses aspects of choosing a mechanism to collect data on the state of the soil and weather conditions. The research was based on the results of a survey of farmers in the Astrakhan region and the author's experience in realizing projects for the collection and analysis of data in the field of crop production. The article gives recommendations on the choice of sensors for data collection.
Keywords: digital agriculture, soil sensor, weather sensor, big data, data science, precision farming, data collection, digital economy
The aim of the work is to verify the accuracy of the solution of the traveling salesman problem by the method of branches and boundaries with a large difference in the length of the chords of the transport graph. It is considered an NP-hard task. It is proved that the Vig method can not give an optimal result in a transport graph with a large difference in the values of the elements in the cells of the original matrix, when its zero cells will have very different estimates. The reason for the inaccuracy of solving the travelling salesman problem is the inadequacy of the adopted model for the calculation of the original formulation of the problem. It consists in the injustice of the second hypothesis on the evaluation of the zero element in the evaluation matrix included in the optimal route. The hypothesis is accepted without strict proofs and has probabilistic character. The use of the minimum values of the row and column from the matrix is appropriate, as determined by the route of the smallest length. It is doubtful whether it is true that there is always a need to strike out at each stage the zero element with the maximum total score. The reason is that, firstly, it has a random character in General. Secondly, this assessment does not take into account all possible combinations of combinations of branches giving the optimal combination, since their recursion is not carried out. The technique of improving the method of branches and boundaries is proposed, which consists in additional verification of the obtained optimal route by removing the branch with an estimate one step below the maximum at each stage of branching. Numerical experiment is carried out.
Keywords: salesman, best route, branch and bound method, gaps, hypotheses, algorithm, the inaccuracy of the decision, the reason why numerical experiment, improvement method
The issue of quality, reliability and safety of the final products is under consideration. Process approach is the base of quality control system, and mon-itoring program is regarded for illustrative purposes.
Keywords: Quality, processor approach, quality management, monitoring
The article explores the vulnerability parameter, which allows to create a model of the product life cycle that takes into account the dynamics. To solve the problem posed in the article, a relationship is established between the individual and average characteristics of the product's retirement in their totality. The results obtained allowed us to formulate a methodology for determining the vulnerability parameter.
Keywords: life cycle, probabilistic model, vulnerability, product disposal, quality, Bayes formula, system engineering
The article considers the problem of constructing efficient portfolio model of Tobin. Analyzed two types of portfolios: the minimum-risk and maximum profitability on the basis of quotations of oil companies of the Russian Federation (website investing.ru). A comparative analysis of stock returns of the companies and their risks with the help of software tools of MS Excel. In the course of calculations are shares of oil companies and the share of government securities built a pie chart of their percentages. Conclusions, which subsequently should affect the decision of investors.
Keywords: expected return, risk, minimum risk, maximum efficiency, securities, model of John Tobin, investment portfolio, profitability, mathematical expectation, risk free asset quotes
Passenger traffic is the number of passengers moving in one direction at a given time. Passenger flows are depicted in the form of graphs, maps, diagrams or fixed in tables. Research methods are divided into the following features; 1) by the length of the period covered 2) In terms of scope 3) by type Methods of automated research: - non-contact method -contact method To ensure the rational filling of the rolling stock, the proper fluctuation of passenger flows, the number, capacity and separation of the rolling stock on the transport network must change. Significant impact on passenger traffic has: the level of development of social production, social structure of society; way of life; geographical environment and the nature of settlement; development of technology; information and communication; budget of free time; cultural, domestic and social needs of people. In connection with the Providence of the world Cup is expected to be a huge number of fans in the city of Samara, for more capacity of fans, the route of personal and public transport has been changed. In the period of the 2018 world Cup will operate on two schemes of movement of vehicles: 1) Daily (in the period from June 14 to July 15); 2) Enhanced (for the period of game matches at the Samara arena stadium ).
Keywords: urban transport; personal transport; passenger traffic; routes; methods; passengers; daily mode; enhanced mode; world championship; traffic scheme