The processes of extraction and processing of oil and oil products are accompanied by negative consequences at the level of the environment in the form of accidents. They act both on the water area and on land. This article is devoted to the liquidation of emergency oil and oil products spills with the help of natural sorbents. For the analysis, three readily available materials were taken in the national economy of the Russian Federation: wool, wheat straw and sawdust. The main indicative value for the sorbent is its oil capacity (sorption capacity) the amount of absorbed oil, which depends on the degree of specific surface of the material. The higher the specific surface area, the higher the sorption capacity. To determine the oil capacity, each of the materials was placed on a flat surface and artificially contaminated with oil for one hour. During the experiment, the absorbent capacity of the sorbents was determined, which for each proved to be different. Based on the data, graphs are constructed that clearly show the applicability of a material.

Keywords: Oil, oil products, extraction, oil consumption, material, sorbent, absorption, adsorption, accident, liquidation

Piezoceramic frames made of PKP-12 material with porosity up to 50% are made. The effect of the total, open and closed porosity on the properties of porous piezoelements on a given piezoelectric material is studied. Hydrostatic tests of porous piezoelements have been performed to determine the pressure at which irreversible changes occur.

Keywords: piezoceramics, PKP-12, piezocomposites, porous piezoceramics, piezoelectric materials, ferroelectrics, PZT, hydroacoustics, hydrophone

To produce controlled radio frequency and microwave devices such as phased antenna arrays, delay lines, an affordable and inexpensive way of manufacturing varactors in large quantities should be found. One of the promising ways to produce such varactors is based on the use of a BST-paste with a low firing temperature, which allows it to be integrated into a substrate of low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC).

Keywords: semiconductor, ferroelectric, BST-paste, ferroelectric condenser, LTCC technology

A new class of materials is proposed that change their dielectric permittivity as a function of the magnetic field strength. Such materials are two-phase composites of composition La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 / I, where I is the isolating phase, Li4P2O7 or GeO2. The ratio of components is close to the percolation threshold: from 10% to 20% by weight. Dielectric properties have been studied in the frequency range of the measuring field from 1 kHz to 1 MHz in magnetic fields from 0 to 15 kOe. Samples have an inductive impedance, their permittivity is negative. In a magnetic field, the permittivity increases in absolute value and at room temperature the values of the magnetodielectric coefficient reach 28%.

Keywords: lanthanum strontium manganite, composite material, ceramics, one-step synthesis, magnetoresistance, percolation threshold, dielectric constant, barrier layer, tunneling, spin polarization

New highly-porous film materials were created based on NA-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, modifyed by particles of AlOOH. Forming of covers happen as a result of relatively not high temperatures (for about 55 degrees of centigrades). A regression model was suggested which described interrelation between sizes of forming porouses in the film cover with its composition. The ability was shown to manage physical specification of the cover which named surface porosity by changing containing of AlOOH in the composition. It was shown up that porouses were formed sizes between 300 mircometers and 2500 mircometers in proccess of curing of the cover while containing of boehmite in the composition. It was discovered that the general surface porosity was 65%, and the depth of cover was 600 mircometers. The ability was shown to create covers with sliding properties as exemplified in closing of pores by solid lubrication MoS2. It was discovered that it was observable down drag by 30-50% in response to application of covers on steel faces adding down of frictional force.

Keywords: Porosity, NA-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, AlOOH, ntifriction material, MoS2, friction

Described trends in the application of two-dimensional-periodic absorbing structures in optical and THz range. The results of calculation of the scatter and reflection of multilayer structures. Designed optimal parameters of the structures to monitor the greatest effect absorption.

Keywords: resonant absorption, plasmons, reflection coefficient, diffraction gratings, periodic structures

The article describes the design decision to restore the operational reliability of the building of the swimming pool, which is in disrepair. The description of the object with the description of defects is given. The complex of actions for preservation of stability of a slope from landslide and other dangerous engineering-geological processes is offered.

Keywords: Landslide, slope, retaining structure, retaining wall

When developing large information-measuring and control systems, special attention must be paid to the interaction of various blocks of the system with each other. For example, the structure of a software-hardware measuring channel consists of four consecutively connected elements: primary converter; analog-to-digital converter; software dynamic converter; digital to analog converter. To find the parameters of the measurement channel error, mathematical models were constructed for each of the blocks. Simulation modeling of the measuring channel was carried out. As the input signal, the first-order aperiodic link model is taken. To generate the interference signal, a random number generator with a noise level of 0.5 is used. The error for the measuring channel is found. The suggested mathematical model allows to find the tuning coefficients of the software of the measuring channel, which ensure the minimum information loss in the software-hardware measuring channel. The resulting model can be used in automatic control systems for the current identification of regulator settings.

Keywords: model of measuring channel, model of primary converter, adjustment of coefficients, error of measuring channel

Currently, great importance is given to the use of mathematical modeling in the conduct of system analysis. The article reveals the definitions of system analysis and mathematical modeling. Problems that can be solved with the help of system analysis are described, and the main tasks of system analysis are formulated. It is noted that system analysis is used mainly for research and design of large and complex systems. The methodological bases for the development of a mathematical model are analyzed.

Keywords: system analysis; model; system; math modeling; mathematical model

At the moment one of the most advanced flexible methodologies IT project management is SCRUM technology. Its feature is the partition of the whole work on short iterations (sprints), each of which represents a cyclic process, repeated all the way through the product development process. This allows you to constantly monitor the emerging risks and minimize them effects. Each sprint starts with planning, which sets the pace of work and stimulates high performance. The key point of planning is predicting the level of focus of the team on the implementation of the tasks, the so-called focus factor. It is the ratio productivity to labor intensity. The paper presents the results of numerical experiments to identify the best methods for predicting this indicator. In their the production data of one of the project groups of the real commercial firm in the field of IT. Extrapolation forecasting methods with a sliding base on the previous actual results. At the same time, the width of the base one to seven previous periods), and the type of extrapolating function. Approximating polynomials of zero, first and second degree are considered. Attention has also been paid to the method of exponential smoothing and Bayesian approach to diagnosis and prediction. For the integral the quality of forecasting used the value of the root-mean-square relative performance error. According to the results of the experiments, three optimal variants are selected. The first is the forecast for the sliding arithmetic average of the actual focus-factors for 3-4 previous periods. In the second variant, again, the sliding the average of actual focus factors for 3-5 sprints, but not arithmetic, and geometric. The third method for predicting is the product theoretical focus factor on the actual. We use the geometric mean it per the 1-2 sprints. In the mean square norm for both methods, the prediction error is the same, about 5.8%. If we estimate it not by the mean square metric, but by maximum deviation, then the latter option is slightly better. Results are intended to clarify the intuitive planning of sprints when performing real projects.

Keywords: management, IT-project, SCRUM technology, sprint planning, forecast, focus factor, moving average, linear and quadratic regression, exponential smoothing, Bayesian approach, root-mean-square error, the best possible option

The task of this work is a survey of passenger correspondence, a traffic intensity survey ,a passenger traffic survey of the road net on the example of Sochi. Used methods: passenger correspondence polling by questionnaire, statistical analysis for the array of correspondence processing, observation, registration and analysis of traffic and passenger intensity.

Keywords: passenger correspondence, traffic, public transport, passenger traffic

One of the key points of planning individual iterations in IT projects is the forecasting of the so-called focus factor. More specifically, it is the concentration of the workforce and the team's efforts to perform tasks. The purpose of this work was to clarify the previously obtained results on the choice of optimal methods of such prediction. This used another criterion for the quality of the forecast, not a mistake in planning the performance of the iteration, as before, and the inaccuracy of the prediction of the focus factor. The analysis carried out according to the new criterion fully confirms all the results obtained earlier. Among the considered mathematical methods of forecasting for planning in iterations of IT-projects the most suitable is extrapolation by moving average (both arithmetic and geometric) for the previous 1-4 periods. The error of the focus factor forecast for them is about 4.7%. Another aim of this work was the formalization of the intuitive methods of planning undertaken by specific teams of developers of projects. On this basis, within the framework of the theory of fuzzy sets with the use of linguistic variables, a heuristic forecasting model is developed. Numerical experiments on the basis of specific production data have shown for it a higher accuracy of the forecast than for extrapolation. The error was about 3% against 4.7%. The paper also presents a combined model using elements of both the heuristic approach and the above-mentioned extrapolation. It showed even higher accuracy of the forecast, with a mean square error of about 1.5%. The results obtained in this work, in our opinion, completely solve the problem of the optimal method of planning individual iterations in the implementation of IT projects.

Keywords: management, IT-project, iterative nature, iteration planning, forecast, focus factor, moving average, standard error, linguistic variables, fuzzy analysis, heuristic model

Diffraction characteristics of the gratings are calculated by two methods - method of approximate boundary conditions and a strict method based on the numerical and analytical solution of the two-dimensional integro-differential equation. Results of the graphene diffraction gratings calculations are presented.

Keywords: graphene, graphene gratings, volume integral equations, plasmons, coefficient of reflection

The article presents an analysis of the causes of deformation of the steel tank, built on weak water-saturated highly compressible clay soils. The results of calculations of the soil base deformation and comparison with the data of geodetic observations are presented

Keywords: Foundation, steel tank, soil, hydraulic testing, deformation, inclination, settlement

In the present article examples of improvement of ecological indicators in the conditions of dense building of the city are reviewed, the principles of territorial planning are described. Detailed studying of environmental problems of the city, a way of their decision is carried out, the most optimum mechanism of a solution is revealed. This article gives the chance will get acquainted with result of numerous researches in the field of modernization of an ecological framework of the city, the most suitable and elementary actions in the realization increasing the area of city "green zones" in the conditions of dense pointed building are given. Having analysed the studied material, conclusions by the given examples are drawn.

Keywords: ecological equilibrium, the urbanized territory, gardening of the city, vertical gardening, mobile gardening